Identity

The conceptualisation of European identity has evolved over time. In this section, we see how European institutions relied on foundational moments like the Schuman Declaration of 9 May 1950 and the 1957 signing of the Treaties of Rome to build a narrative celebrating the achievements of European integration. These historical milestones became symbols of a renewed European identity based on unity, solidarity, and peace, in opposition to aggressive notions of national identity that had led to war.

In 1985, the European Communities designated 9 May as “Europe Day” to celebrate when France’s then-Foreign Minister, Robert Schuman, declared that the creation of a European Coal and Steel Community would be the first step towards a federal union of European countries. While the ECSC began with just six members, we saw the European project grow with the addition of new countries joining the European Communities and then the European Union. The unique experiences, history and memories each nation brings to the Union complicates the meaning of a single European identity. The idea has been questioned and challenged over the decades, making the discourse on identity and its expressions in art and culture especially illuminating for understanding the past, present, and future paths to European integration.

Jacopo Cellini