Formation: 1939-46: Burton on Trent Grammar School
1946-48: National service. Royal Army Educationnal Corps
1948-55: Emmanuel College, Cambridge
Major scholar in History. First Class in both parts of the Historical Tripos.
1951-53 Research Student and Senior Scholar. 1952/53: Italian government scholarship for
research in Italy
1954: M.A PH.D
1954-55: Research Fellow
1955-57: St Antony’s College, Oxford. Research Fellow in modern Italian history
Carrière:
1957-60 : Press and Information Officer, London Delegation of the High Authority, European Coal and Steel Community.
1960-64: Head of London Office, Joint Press and Information Service of the European Communities
1964-65: Rockefeller Foundation Research Fellow. Research in Brussels on Community-wide pressure groups.
1965-1973: University of Sussex. Founding Director, Centre for Contemporary European Studies. Visiting Professor and member of Academic Board, College of Europe, Bruges
1973-1981: Commission of the European Communities. Directorate General for Information.
1973-78: Director, Directorate A-includined following Divisions
TV/Radio/Publications/Visits/Exhibitions/Universities and Schools/Trade Unioninformation/Women’s organisations
1978-79: Chief Advisor, multi-media information programme for the first direct elections to the European Parliament (jointly with EP’s Information Service)
1979-81: Chief Advisor, responsible for overall programme and budget of DG Information